Heart of Darkness as Social Protest Essays -- Heart Darkness essays

Heart of Darkness as Social Protest Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, is an intriguing and extremely disturbing portrayal of man's surrender to his carnal nature when all external trappings of "civilization" are removed. This novel excellently portrays the shameful ways in which the Europeans exploited the Africans: physically, socially, economically, and spiritually. Throughout the nineteenth century, Europeans treated their African counterparts savagely. They were beaten, driven from their homes, and enslaved. Heart of Darkness is no exception. In the first section of the novel, Marlow is disgusted by the condition of the Africans at the First Station. His encounter with the chain gang sickens him to the point where he is forced to wait for them to pass. He even takes a separate path to avoid encountering them again. While avoiding the chain gang, Marlow stumbles upon the object of their work-"a vast artificial hole...the purpose of which I found it impossible to divine." Apparently, to keep them occupied and thus "out of trouble," the natives are forced to do meaningless, pointless exercises. Marlow is shocked by this total subjugation of the Africans and the completely pointless work which they are forced to perform. Prior to 1807, the Europeans directly enslaved the Africans. After 1807, Britain, and eventually most European countries, banned the slave trade. However, this did not stop the Eldorado Exploring Expedition, whose members Marlow described as "reckless without hardihood, gree... ...heads of the natives he killed, those "heads on the stakes" with their faces turned toward the house, to show his complete and total dominance over their lives. After this, the natives could not but help view him with a supernatural aura. He also forced anyone approaching him to crawl on all fours and grovel at his feet. This, coupled with the fact that he did not allow very many people to see him, reinforced his god-like authority. In the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, the Europeans shamelessly exploited the Africans. Conrad, who had been to Africa, makes no effort to gloss over the gross abuses of power of the Europeans and their inhumane treatment of the natives. Taken in this light, Heart of Darkness serves as an excellent novel of social protest.

Adventurous Day Essay

ADVENTURES DAY â€Å"IT WAS RAINNING AND I DASHED TOWARDS A DESERTED BUILDING† with this sentence we should start the essay It was raining and as I dashed towards a deserted building when I was running to find my resort when I had been to a holiday trip GOA during the summer vacation. Previosly when my school’s summer vacation started i was really excited as we finished our exams and got a long holiday after a stressful exams. As days passed I was feeling bored and after some days, I got a call from my friends asking to go for a trip to GOA.As I was feeling bored, to pass my time I had to go for the trip. So we decided to start of the coming Monday ,it was a two week plan .We all were pretty exited about the trip ,after a long wait for about one week the day arrived when we left to GOA,we were going by train as it was more fun and could spend more time. As soon as we reached there we found that there was a vehicle waiting for our arrival ,we all got onto the car and we reached our resort within minutes.that day we all were very tired and so just slept the whole day.According to the plan we had to go to the beach . The next afternoon we went to the beach ,as soon as we reached we foud four wheel cars were there and so we decided to race .the destination was not clear to me but I was going first as everyone else had no much experience as I had cause I had drived the four wheel car several times which goes only on sand.i had no idea where I was going as I was going really fast and even the scene was pretty good following that I went too long which I did not realize until I reached a place where I was surrounded by three sides of water.then I realized that I came too far ,so I decide to follow the way I came but as I was going I reached a place where I found a road where no one was there and so I parked my four wheel car and followed the left side direction and to see it started raining and so I started getting scared and so I started running ,I just felt that some was following me while seeing back I just dashed onto a building which was deserted and then my friends come from the buiding giving m e surprise for my birthday!

The Gay Of Being A Gay - 1321 Words

Being Gay in America Being a gay person in America is not nearly as difficult as it once once. There was a time at one point where homosexuality in the US was treated as taboo as many other social subjects such as criminality. However, times, beliefs, and perspectives have changed in the general populous. In 1996, only 27% of Americans polled by Gallop showed a positive stance on gay marriage, and homosexuality in general. By May of 2015, this percentage was nearly reverse, with only 37% of the population showing a negative stance on homosexuality. Despite the recent support for homosexuals in America, sexual prejudice is still prevalent in some areas of life for gay men and women. Life is still hard for gay people in America for a number of reasons, despite an overall acceptance of gay marriage by adults, and as a gay person myself, I have witnessed this injustice and prejudice on several levels. Being a young person, and defying stereotypes of homosexuality in a conservative high school can be a chall enge. The preconceived notions about gay people normally include something about flamboyancy, inferiority, lack of masculinity, nonexistent athleticism, and a high voice. Being a person that generally defies these stereotypes in high school, and into college, is not easy by any means. In a high school, sports can be a natural way of life, except if you are gay. You’re automatically presumed to be athletically inferior as a gay person, and sports are typically out of theShow MoreRelatedThe Film On Being Gay1480 Words   |  6 PagesThe film On Being Gay gave me new ways to look at and understand what it means to be gay. It was filled to the brim with thought-provoking discussion and exercises that allowed it to get its message through loud and clear. These being, the prevalence of homophobia in our culture and what causes it, learning to perceive the world as if it were predominantly filled with homosexuals, confronting the stereotypes society maintains about homosexuals, the differences between being gay or lesbian and comingRead MoreBeing Gay, By Indian Immigrants1529 Words   |  7 PagesBeing gay in America is difficult. Being gay in America is even more difficult when you’re not quite gay. Being a closeted not-quite gay woman in America, surrounded by Indian immigrants is pretty difficult, too. It’s a bit like staring in a James Bond film, if all of the characters suddenly developed Bollywood accents, and marginally less homicide. Also, I may be exaggerating, because I don’t attract nearly as many Bond Girls, no matter how much I’d like to. Even understanding what â€Å"not-quite gay†Read MoreIs Being Gay A Choice Or Nah?1264 Words   |  6 PagesIs Being Gay a Choice or Nah? â€Å"According to the APA today, there is little scientific consensus about the exact factors that cause a person to be gay, but most people don t experience a choice about their sexual orientation.† (Megan Gannon) In our society, arguing about whether or not a person was born homosexual is very common. You have people who claim that homosexuality is something that person chooses to be, and then you have people who claim that homosexuality is something that they were bornRead MoreMy Experience Of Being Gay Essay2593 Words   |  11 Pages I can remember most of the papers I have written in high school and I never thought to myself that I would be writing my experience of being gay. I guess because I just never pictured myself talking about something so deep. Everybody has their own story of how they came out and let me tell you, it is not easy at all. Even though today in this generation we have laws now saying it is legal to get married the same sex and there are more peop le coming out but it is still dangerous to walk surroundedRead More The Problem with Being Gay Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe Problem with Being Gay About a year ago one of my best friends and I bought some glow-in-the-dark stars to paste on my ceiling. After about four hours of neck-straining work, we shut off all the lights in my room, closed the door, jumped onto my bed and looked up to admire the green glowing wonders above us. After a few minutes of quiet talking, my friend said something that totally blew me away. It might have been that he was tired from the days work, or maybe a little light-headedRead MoreBeing Gay : A Matter Of Love Vs. Love1242 Words   |  5 Pagesgetting into any history of Gay America, a person must simply understand that in the beginning of a Revolution there is always opposition. One person believes one thing and another something else, but what happens when the opposition is to love? For a revolution like this, it was a matter of love vs. love; one side for it, and the other against it. However, in the end it was just a matter of who had better reasoning, or rather who had a valid reason a t all. In 1969, being gay was viewed as having aRead MoreEssay Best and Worst Parts of Being Gay857 Words   |  4 Pages In an interview recently I was asked to describe the best and the worst parts of being gay. This came as a quite unexpected question under the given circumstances: I hoped we were all past that. Immediately, I filled with fear and tears. Not only was I being asked to describe joy and pain, I had to put off my own lingering shame issues to do it. Worse, I had to do it on camera and felt an immediate Christian obligation to offer some kind of hope to the viewer. I suited up emotionally withRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Accepted When Coming Out As A Gay Individual1368 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of Being Accepted When coming out as a gay individual, there is a desire to be loved and accepted for who they are by the family. When parents reject their child’s sexual orientation it often comes to kicking the child out of their home out of shame for their sexuality. In recent statistics, ‘Studies indicate that between 25% and 50% of homeless youth are LGBT and on the streets because of their sexual orientation or gender identity’ (Pflagnyc, Statistics You Should Know About Gay and TransgenderRead MoreEssay about Gay Marriage Should be Legal Despite Being Immoral910 Words   |  4 Pagescompletely against gay marriage and they have stated that they will fight to have the Supreme Court ruling overturned. There are a number of reasons opponents to gay marriage argue that the Supreme Court has made a huge mistake . First, certain religious interpretations maintain that gay marriage is sinful. Fortunately, our country is not a theocracy and public policy should not be based on a ny religions values. If a persons religious convictions cause them to believe that gay marriage is wrongRead MoreLgbt Rights Movement And The Lgbt Community1288 Words   |  6 PagesA social situation that took place in the 20th century was the Gay Rights Movement, also known as the LGBT social movement. I prefer not to call this social event a problem, for the reason that after researching this topic, I found that it was a great achievement for the LGBT community. LGBT stands for lesbians, gay, bisexual, and transgender. The purpose of the Gay Rights Movement was to organize efforts to end the criminalization of homosexuality and protect the civil rights of homosexuals. The

Analysis Of `` American History `` By Judith Ortiz Cofer

Tragedy has the ability to simultaneously bring people together and push them apart. Well, such is essence when Judith Ortiz Cofer, the writer of â€Å"American History,† explores the theme of tragedy while she dwells upon the day tragedy struck the world. A numerous amount of people in her community were devastated by the unexpected death of former President John F. Kennedy, as they agreed with his stance against racial discriminations and prejudice. However, Cofer lacks the understanding of discrimination towards her culture, race, and gender. Rather than collectively facing the tragedy of JFK’s death, she is more taken by her own tragedy; being shunned by the mother of her neighborhood crush, Eugene. Recognizing that Cofer is ignorant to†¦show more content†¦Recognizing her daughter’s ignorance, Cofer’s mother warns her by stating: â€Å"‘You are forgetting who you are, Nià ±a. I have seen you staring down at that boy’s house. Yo u are heading for humiliation and pain’† (972). Her awareness of racial prejudice leads her to warn Cofer of visiting Eugene’s house because she does not want this pain to inflict on her daughter. It is necessary for Cofer to be able to acknowledge the truth about of her culture, race, and class because people will discriminate others based off their identity, hence why her mother warns Cofer of visiting Eugene’s house. Not only does her mother warns her of the humiliation and pain that she will face, but she did not stop Cofer from leaving the house. Cofer needs to understand the circumstances that comes from her identity because it is essential to her coming of age. Instead, Cofer is walking into a reality, the true pain and humiliation, blinded after ignoring her mother’s warning. Essentially, the outcome from Cofer’s encounter with Eugene’s mother takes a drastic turn in her life and it leads her break her innocent mind. When Cofer arrives at Eugene’s house, her mother approaches her with an unpleasant welcoming. For instance, Eugene’s mother questions where Cofer lives while she â€Å"pointed up to El Building, which looked particularly ugly,Show MoreRelatedThe Myth Of The Latin Women : I Just Met A Girl Named Maria1466 Words   |  6 PagesWomen: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria by Judith Ortiz. The essay I did not believe it had to be in our syllabus because it really did not have to do much with the student learning outcome was The Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson. In the essay of Judith Ortiz The Myth of the Latin Women: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria was an essay I believe many students were able to relate, understand, and reflect with the arguments she pointed out. Judith Ortiz seemed passionate in her essay becauseRead MoreThe Importance Of A Good Society Is Not Achieved By Chance Or By Default1446 Words   |  6 Pages The quantitative analysis of the merit of a society is one very multifaceted and complex task; however, one truth remains certain: a good society is not achieved by chance or by default. Each and every successful society has succeeded because at a certain point, members of the society acted collectively to create structure and organization. Universities and institutions, transportation networks, and public healthcare, are all structures that have been put in place to help individuals succeed inRead MoreIn The United States, Not Only Are Latin Women Being Misunderstood,1508 Words   |  7 Pagesbut African American women are also stereotyped by other people. Latin women are discriminated in their dressing and service occupations, while African American Americans are stereotyped in sexually promiscuous, caregiving role, and â€Å"welfare queens.† Both of them are victims of racial stereotypes, which affect them negatively on their identities and characteristics. However, the di fferentiation of their cultures makes them being stereotyped in distinct aspects. Some of African American women’s stereotypesRead MoreDescriptive Analysis6093 Words   |  25 PagesOrwell’s in intent but much more nostalgic in tone. The story in her essay is summarized within another story; she is telling a story about the stories she told her father when she was a child. Judith Ortiz Cofer uses narration to introduce and exemplify the points she is making in a larger analysis of stereotypes of Puerto Rican women. The stories in her text illustrate the kinds of prejudices she has faced as a Latina. Andre Dubus’s essay â€Å"Digging† is an elegiac text mourning both the loss

Case Study The And Communication Technology Company...

Case Study 1 FUJITSU I. Introduction It is generally said that Information and Communication Technology Company should follow the computing ethics. In fact, how the actual company apply for its ethics in their business. So, the specified company will be selected to verify the process. I choose Japanese company, FUJITSU. Mission shaping tomorrow with you is our brand promise. It encapsulates who we are, what we stand for and how we are working alongside you to shape a better tomorrow. Let us share the stories showing how we are living the brand. History Since our foundation in 1935, Fujitsu has pursued innovation, striving for a better tomorrow. At every step along the way, our success as a company has come from the strength of our relationships, working side-by-side with our customers and our partners. Fujitsu is supporting various international sporting events by providing ICT solutions such as data centers. We share the great moment together. We re striving to build a prosperous future with the athletes and supporters of today and tomorrow. We are the leading Japanese global information and communication technology(ICT) company. We use our experience and the power of ICT to shape thr future of society together with our customers. We are active in every aspect of ICT, from PC/mobile phones, networks, to the most complex and sophisticated technology solutions and services. In 1935, we began our journey as a telecommunication equipment provider. FujitsuShow MoreRelatedLegal Ethical Issues for It Practitioners2523 Words   |  11 Pagesfeel that people should be supportive, trustworthy, and fair in their work and dealings with each other. We expect from others and from ourselves behavior, which promotes the welfare of individuals, organizations, and communities. Yet as recent events demonstrate our society faces a crisis in professional responsibility (McDowell, 2000). Professional associations are worried about the image of their professionals, and as a result they have developed and enforced codes of ethics to protect the publicRead MoreCode Of Ethics Of Ieee. Computer Society1597 Words   |  7 Pages1Introduction Today, established ethical frameworks play a vital role in companies and organisations, espe- cially in big ones. Ethical framework, also known as code of conduct and code of ethics, is a set of guidelines, recommendations and rules, which specify expected behaviour and possible options how to make ethical decision, under different circumstances. It is crucial for every institution to set up ethical framework in order to prevent specific problems and to have es- tablished policy toRead MoreIntegrating Culture And Diversity Of Decision Making1255 Words   |  6 Pagesmanufactured goods lines comprise of PCs and other computing equipments venture and business standard servers, storage equipments, networking equipments, software, scanners, plotters, printers and other imaging equipments. The company launched handheld calculators, LaserJet printers, the principal commercially distributed information processing systems and the Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC) architecture. The businesses’ company culture is summarized in an approach referred to asRead MoreThe Ipremier Company1574 Words   |  7 PagesThe iPremier Company: Denial of Service Attack 1. Company overview The iPremier is Web-based Commerce Company and established in 1996 by two founder students from Swarthmore College. The company is one of the top two retail businesses in online transaction which selling from vintage goods and to the luxury item. Its well knows that during fiscal year 2006, iPremier has grabbed profit $2.1 millions with sales of $32 million from their high-end customer. The company has also recorded withRead MoreThe Intersection Of Information Laws2294 Words   |  10 Pagesintersect with the ethical standards, and the actual practice. Since computers and technologies grow extremely fast, the laws are unable to govern new developments in the field. Therefor those that develop these systems and programs have an ethical imperative to, analysis the impact that these systems could have on others. When new technologies and standards are created, one must look at the effect of the technology, and the possible ways that someone could maliciously obtain, or misuse data. CurrentlyRead MoreBeing Watched: Ethical Issues on Privacy in Life6627 Words   |  27 PagesTEP1281: ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT Being Watched: Ethical Issues on Privacy in Life TC203 Abzal Kalimbetov Aashini Shah Azmil Hakim Pramata Tausik Nur Dayana Ayuni Bt. Nur Rashidi Mohd Zuhaili Bin Mohd Suhaini 1092700423 1091103635 1101110738 1071118536 1101109183 1091105283 [This study investigates the ethical issues on privacy in life among students and lecturers at Multimedia University (MMU).] Being Watched: Ethical Issues on Privacy in Life TEP1281: ETHICS AND PROFESSIONALRead MoreComputer Ethics and Information Systems3732 Words   |  15 Pagesâ€Å"Computer Ethics and Information Security† a. Introduction The consideration of computer ethics fundamentally emerged with the birth of computers. There was concern right away that computers would be used inappropriately to the detriment of society compromising information security, or that they would replace humans in many jobs, resulting in widespread job loss. Ethics- Guidelines or rules of conduct that govern our lives, work, behavior and communication in both public and private undertaking.Read MoreWhat business and social problems does data center power consumption cause?4093 Words   |  17 Pagesand social problems does data center power consumption cause? Data center power consumption economically affects businesses and environmentally affects society. Operating costs for data centers is very expensive. In the article, Ubiquitous Green Computing Techniques for High Demand Applications in Smart Environments, the total operating costs, concerning electricity, of all data centers within the U.S. alone exceeded 7 billion dollars in 2010 (Ayala, J., Moya, J., Risco-Martà ­n, J., Sanchez, C., ZapaterRead MoreThe Effect of Information Technology on Human Life5123 Words   |  21 Pagesï » ¿How Information Technology Has Effected Each Part Of Human Life 1.1 Introduction: Present day information era has given lots of freedoms to the citizens, which was not probable without the arrival of this age. The users of Information Systems have willingly available information, for example, full Encyclopedia Britannica in one CD with all types of sà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢arch fà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢aturà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢s is availablà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢, pointing towards corrà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢ct information within thà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢ right timà ¸ °Ã  ¸â€¢. Picture doing this with the book version of the EncyclopediaRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility10163 Words   |  41 Pagesintegral components of business social performance; itemizing these contributions finds one incorporating the interests of ethics and morality within the corporate structure, essential concepts that are often absent from a managerial standpoint. Chapters two and three of Beauchamp and Bowies Ethical Theory And Business address the very issues of corporate social responsibility that should rightly exist within every company s infrastructure; however, the authors enlightening contentions enable the reader

Recess by Skrillex free essay sample

Skrillex’s first studio album, Recess, has just been released as of March 18th, 2014, and whatever you’ve heard of Skrillex before, you can chuck that right out the window. Sonny Moore has revamped his style to a point where you wouldn’t recognize it if you didn’t know it was him. With genres ranging from dubstep and moombah to drum and bass, trap and chillout, an album cover featuring an emoji, and hitting the number one on iTunes albums, Skrillex is on a roll. With the more stereotypical subgenre Skrillex helped invent, brostep, he credits the genre in the first track, All Is Fair In Love And Brostep featuring the jungle duo Ragga Twins. The first drop is nearly identical to Zomboy’s song Terror Squad, and Skrillex even borrows a sample from Zomboy’s Mind Control but cuts it off halfway. Then with an explicit phrase telling everyone he’s back, he completely repolishes the drop to an absurd amount. We will write a custom essay sample on Recess by Skrillex or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moore also includes the Neon Mix of his song Try It Out, that he did with fellow artist Alvin Risk. The original mix of this track was featured in the video game Call of Duty: Black Ops II. Skrillex also teamed up with Ragga Twins again to make the drumstep track Ragga Bomb. Skrillex experimented with other genres such as trap with Stranger ft. KillaGraham and Sam Dew, chillout with Fire Away ft. Kid Harpoon, and an obscure, what-genre-is-this with Doompy Poomp. My personal favorite of the album was Recess, with a catchy vocal chorus and a less bass heavy drop reminiscent of big room house, which has just recently blown up (see Martin Garrix – Animals). If you haven’t purchased any Skrillex albums but would like to journey to other sides of EDM, Recess is a great place to start. Just note that 4 out of the 11 songs contain explicit lyrics, but there is a clean version available on iTunes. At a price of 10 dollars and a variety of genres to choose from, purchasing Reces s is well worth your money.

Risk and Insurance

Question: Discuss about theRisk and Insurance. Answer: Introduction There are several factors that increase the importance of insurance in the modern world. With the of growth of most of the economies in the world characterized by increased numbers of both governmental and privately owned companies, protection of these investments through insurance policies has become an increasingly important factor. Statistics have shown that the stage of diagnosis is related to the presence and the type of insurance. Increased importance of insurance can be attributed to the rapid economic development in the modern world. Factors that Have Increased the Importance of Insurance in the Modern World Based on Speculative Risks The increased expense of healthcare services has made it a necessity to have an insurance policy (Hadley, 2016).A medical insurance manages risk in health. For one to be issued with a medical insurance policy, he/she has to undergo a medical examination to test issues such as high blood pressure or other health concerns that pose a threat to the future (McMaken, 2012). Whereas people found to be in good health status at that time will typically see a lower rate, those suffering from illnesses such as and cancer will be charged higher. Statistics have shown that the stage of diagnosis is related to the presence and the type of insurance (Francois, 2013). Cancer patients without health insurance are less likely to receive cancer screening and other preventive services and may have delayed symptomatic cancers because of inadequate access to health care (Michaels, 2016). Therefore critical illnesses such as cancer have made people use medical care value insurance. Technological advancement has heightened the importance of insurance in the contemporary world. In the modern world, technology is no longer nice to have but a differentiator (Vyas, 2015). The insurers have adopted multiple channels to market and sell their policies. For example, a direct-market which entails going directly to the customer as opposed to going to a broker first (Francois, 2013). Similarly, the advancement of software and hardware means that companies can now transform customer information into actionable insights (Andelic, 2011). In the same way, technology has enabled better individual risk assessment as opposed to relying on responses to standard questions (Green, 2011). This improvement has the capability of improving the customer experience and bringing down insurance rates. Globalization has increased the need for insurance in the modern world. Increased interaction of international economies has led to profit and loss to others (Hadley, 2016). In the modern world, globalization is usually the result of closer ties in international trade (Andelic, 2011). One implication of globalization is that it has expanded markets and as result companies can now sell their insurance premiums across international borders. The expanded market has created a climate of competition among insurance companies. Consequently, premium rates have been lowered because, thanks to globalization, there is no monopoly of the market and it takes a shorter time to enroll in an insurance policy (Andelic, 2011). Increased importance of insurance can be attributed to the rapid economic development of countries in the modern world. Each day, month or a year comes with a new economic development. Economic growth promotes insurance development (Francois, 2013).For example, when a company purchases a tower in a town center, then it should be insured to avoid financial loss in case of fire outbreak. An increase in the culture of saving has increased the need to get insurance (Hadley, 2016). We save for different reasons; retirement, wedding, children or a project (Purmort, 2012). When we are in possession of a valuable item, we need to take care of it so that even during the most difficult of times, we can enjoy its fruits. There has been a financial growth of individuals/company such that, now, more than ever they need to set aside funds for future use. This way, insurance has changed people's perception of savings from merely preparing for a loss to viewing it as a type of investment. Additionally, people have come to value insurance because they are risk averse (Cannon, 2013).Risk sharing is an incentive used by insurance companies to give people an impression that in bad times, they will lend a helping hand. While this may true, the insured caters for the expense of the bad eventuality before it occurs. For example, some people health insurance as a prepayment for expected medical expenses in case they fall sick (Cannon, 2013). Risk pooling also increases the importance of insurance. This is spreading risks from the insurer to the insured (Francois, 2013). It involves grouping large numbers of people together to minimize the cost of the higher-risk individuals (Thompson, 2015).Ideally; people face different risks at a different level. Not every person with car insurance involves in an accident in the same way, not every company insured is set on fire. High-risk people frequently pay more for insurance (Hadley, 2016). Consequently, this rewards the low-risk people with lower insurance premiums thus insurance companies get adequate funds from high-risk companies/ people that justify covering their costs should they need to use their insurance (Donlon, 2016) (Thompson, 2015).Risk pooling technique will attract people, especially low-risk people to pay for insurance knowing the practice favors them more. Insurance policy creates confidence on individuals enabling them to invest in risky but highly profitable businesses. The insured becomes confident of compensation from losses incurred from the insured risks (Hadley, 2016). This provides a wider opportunity to establish businesses even in risky places to achieve a desirable economic progress (Green, 2011). In the modern world, insurance policies have not only been an important factor to the insured and the insurer but also to the mother governments (Michaels, 2016). Incomes realized from the insurance companies as well as salaries paid to their workers are subjected to taxation subsequently earning revenue to the governments for economic sustainability. If the risk insured occurs, the insured is compensated hence the business doesn't collapse (Cannon, 2013). This important for the business to resume after compensation despite consequential losses incurred. The Challenges of Modern Aviation Industry Regarding Risks and Management This section will provide an in-depth explanation of the challenges faced by the modern aviation industry regarding risk and insurance. The first challenge is Cyber-attacks. That is, the exclusive use of computers to execute aviation activities has heightened the occurrence of risks such as interruption of business. There is a widened variation of cyber risks i.e. cyber-terrorism, extortion and network outages (Francois, 2013). Even though cyber risks have been insured, it is vital to prevent losses and the risk accumulation. Similarly, increasing the use of Unnamed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) poses a significant threat to the aviation industry. This risk is technology related as a cyber-attack. The majority of UAVs system are operated by the military although some people may have access to it in the coming years for commercial purposes such as shooting movies (Michaels, 2016). However exciting this technology may be, it is a serious concern, especially with passenger aircraft. For instance, in 2014 an American Airlines pilot reported narrowly missing a quad copter at 2,300 feet above Florida while a drone was flown within 20ft of an A320 landing at Heathrow. Lastly, automating computer related tasks is a challenge to the industry. Many plane accidents have occurred in recent years because some tasks are automated. For example the Asiana Flight 214 accident in San Francisco in 2013.Therefore, there is an increasing need to train pilots on what to do when automation fails (Michaels, 2016). Pestel Analysis on Speculative Risks PESTEL ANALYSIS Political Political environment also influences business risks. For example, during a political crisis, business is affected by unrest, making the cost of insurance expensive (Francois, 2013). Likewise, the cost of insurance is low during political stability. Economic Favorable economic policies will enhance economic performance, which means that business owners would insure their businesses against several risks therefore increasing the cost of insurance (Michaels, 2016). Social Social beliefs and practices influence risks as well. Men are likely to be involved in more risky activities compared to the women. For, example, the men involved in gambling activities would risk their money with expectation to make a boom income (Donlon, 2016). Generally, men are known to be risk takers compared to the women. Technological The advancement of software and hardware means that companies can now transform customer information into actionable insights. Likewise, technology has enabled better individual risk assessment (Green, 2011). This improvement has the capability of improving the customer experience and bringing down the cost of insurance rates. Environment Environmental factors also influence speculative factors and the cost of insurance cover. For example, the people living in the slums are at risk to fall sick compared to those in the urban areas. Therefore, the cost of medical cover for them would be expensive (Green, 2011). Legal Policies that have been enacted by the government can either increase or decrease the probability of insuring a business (Andelic, 2011). For instance, then laws allow entrance of new competitors in the market, many businesses are likely to suffer losses. With increased risks businesses will seek insurance cover against losses. Conclusion Uncertainties within businesses have seen many businesses collapse in the past leading to arrested developments in certain countries. Embracing insurance policies in the modern world would surely provide not only a lasting but also a sustainable solution to this menace. No doubt, this is a way out to improve the greatest confidence in the investors and also to give the insurance companies an opportunity to smile. References Andelic, G. (2011). The impact of Globalization on the Insurance and Reinsurance Market of Eastern Europe. South East European Journal of Economics and Business, 95-112. Cannon, E. (2013, May 2013). Risk sharing. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Get Rich Slowly: https://www.getrichslowly.org Donlon, R. (2016, September 9). Ke takeaways: The Entrepreneurial Insurance Symposium, Day 1. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Property Casualty 360: https://www.propertycasualty360.com Francois, O. (2013). Risk Management and Insurance Review. Advanced search, 16-30. Green, J. (2011). How Does Globalization Affect an Organization's Business Approach? Small Business. Chron, 8-12. Hadley. (2016, January 11). The Top 10 factors that affect life Insurance premiums. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Insurance hotline: https://www.insurancehotline.com McClintock, L. (2016, April 10). What is Risk pooling in Insurance? Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Finance. Zacks: https://www.finance.Zacks.com McMaken, L. (2012, February 15). 4 Types of insurance everyone needs. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com Michaels, N. (2016, September 8). 6 trends that will change insurance claims. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Property Casualty 360: https://www.propertycasualty360.com Purmort. (2012, 8 13). Retrieved September 13, 2016, from Purmort Martin Insurance Agency: https://www.purmot.com Thompson, V. (2015, September 12). Risk pooling. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from People of our every day: https://www.peopleofoureveryday.com Vyas, A. (2015, June 9). How Technology impacts the insurance sector. Retrieved September 13, 2016, from betanews: https://www.betanews.com